The national divorce rate is 7.6 per 1,000 couples in 2022. , Data are from the most recently published Homicide in England and Wales, 2018/19. Reference will usually be made to children by which we refer to individuals aged 10 to 17 years of age[footnote 80][footnote 81]. Compared to male offenders, a larger proportion of females were given suspended sentences. In the most recent year, the CPS and MoJ had the highest proportions of senior staff who were female at 57% and 51%, respectively; these were the only organisations where the representation of females in senior positions was higher than that of males. Prison population figures are from the Offender Management Statistics quarterly bulletin and are averaged across 12 months. Similar falls have been seen in the number of defendants prosecuted over the last 5 years when broken down by sex; the number of prosecutions for male defendants fell by 11% to 904,000 in 2019 and prosecutions for female defendants fell by 12% to 324,000 in 2019. In fact, statistics are frequently cited that suggest around 90% of women are awarded custody, but they also fail to show that 60% of men get custody in a contested cases. The greater tendency for female first time offenders to be cautioned or convicted for theft aligns with trends for offenders more generally, as discussed in Chapter 4: Police Activity. The majority of female homicides took place in or around a house/dwelling (71%), whereas only 39% of male homicides took place here. , Other demographic data, such as age and ethnicity, are available in the Crime in England and Wales Annual Trend and Demographic Tables. Figure 5.02: Individuals dealt with formally by the CJS, by sex, 2015 to 2019. Defendants with unknown or not stated ethnicity accounted for 28% of all indictable prosecutions in 2019. A 2.6 pp increase over the last five years brought female representation among in-post police officers up to 31% in 2019. , Where sex is known. Male homicide victims had higher prevalence in all age groups, except those over 65, and 5-15, where females were more often the victim. Figure 4.01: Number of arrests, by age group and sex, 2015/16 to 2019/20. Youth custody report for August 2015 published. The disposal where there was the greatest difference between genders was for fines. You have rejected additional cookies. For both young males and young females that received a sentence/caution in the matched cohort, over half received FSM. Of those sentenced, a consistently higher proportion of female offenders were fined and had a lower average fine than male offenders over the last 5 years. , Guidance to National Probation Service staff on proposing suspended sentence orders (SSO) changed in 2018, which led to substantial drops in the numbers of SSOs proposed in 2018 and 2019 resulting in volumes too low for a robust comparison. Youth custody statistics for October 2013 published. Sex can be considered to refer to whether someone is male or female based on their physiology, with gender representing a social construct or sense of self that takes a wider range of forms. It should be noted that because children comprise less than 10% of all offenders prosecuted for an indictable offence (where sex and age of the defendant is known), trends should be interpreted with caution. This was considerably higher than the proportion of pupils eligible for FSM in the overall pupil population (including both offenders and non-offenders) in 2013/14[footnote 102] and 2014/15[footnote 103] (14% for both young females and young males). Between 2015 and 2019 there was a rise in proportion of defendants electing to be tried at the Crown Court, up 7 percentage points for females and 8 percentage points for males. , See technical guide for more information on what this service covers. Youth custody report for June 2015 published. In this section any analysis is conducted where the gender of the offender is known. In 2019, 1.29 million defendants[footnote 48] were directed to appear at magistrates courts (including those who failed to appear). , This section looks at persons only and excludes those where sex is not stated. Give detailed and full explanations as to why the revisions were necessary. The number of PNDs issued has continued to decline over the last 5 years, falling from 47,400 in 2015 by 58% to 19,800 in 2019. Key Child Custody Statistics 2023 Approximately 29% of child custody decisions are made without mediators or court hearings. This total includes exclusions from previous schools covered by the exclusion legislation.] Youth custody report for August 2016 published. Cautions issued[footnote 33][footnote 34] This includes those aged under 18 and 18 year olds. This differs between functions within HMPPS, with the Prison Service (including Youth Custody Service) representing a lower proportion of females than the HMPPS as a whole, rising from 37% to 39%. When a suspect is formally charged, they are brought before a magistrates court (as a defendant) as soon as possible. Analysis of offender characteristics such as SEN and FSM is also based on academic years 2013/14 and 2014/15. April 2017 to March 2018) offender cohort. Of all cautions issued in 2019, 55% were for indictable offences, a proportion which has been increasing over the last 5 years, from 49% in 2015. Males were serving longer custodial sentence length. A higher proportion of female prisoners self-harmed in 2019. Figure 7.04: Age distribution of male and female defendants, England and Wales, 2019. Estimates for the year 2019 to March 2020 were therefore unaffected by the lockdown restrictions. Findings from a recent data sharing exercise between the MoJ and the Department for Education (DfE) are presented here, with analysis on a matched cohort of those who were in Year 6 in either 2008/09 or 2009/10 and who were aged ten at the start of those academic years[footnote 91][footnote 92]. This publication is licensed under the terms of the Open Government Licence v3.0 except where otherwise stated. The custody rate for this offence was lower for female offenders (19%) than for males (26%). National Statistics status can be removed at any point when the highest standards are not maintained and reinstated when standards are restored. First time offenders accounted for 24% of offenders who were cautioned or convicted In England and Wales in 2019, of which 78% were male and 22% females[footnote 88]. Youth custody report and data for January 2018 published. At 53%, oral fast delivery PSRs[footnote 53] were more common, especially for females (females 60%, males 52%), while standard PSRs[footnote 54], which are given for more serious offences, were much less common and were given proportionally more often to male offenders (4%) compared with female offenders (1%). The publication aims to help practitioners, policy makers, academics and members of the public understand trends in the CJS in England and Wales, and how these vary between the sexes and over time. These figures are calculated differently from those used for the Criminal Justice Statistics Quarterly: December 2019 bulletin, which is used as the basis for the section on plea at the Crown Court and the remainder of the Crown Court committal section they are not directly comparable to these sections. Divorce Rate by Gender; The Rate of Divorce by Age; . The most recent data in this report are from the Child Support Supplement (CSS) to the April 2018 Current Population Survey (CPS). 19.30This breakdown has remained relatively constant over the last 5 years. , Standard PSR A standard delivery (adjourned) Pre-Sentence Report is based on a full risk assessment and is suitable for medium and high seriousness cases and/or where a custody is being considered. In 2019, 46% of children remanded at Crown Court for indictable offences were remanded in custody. Senior police officers increased their female representation to 27% in 2020, from 23% five years ago. Youth custody report for September 2016 published. The Authority considers whether the statistics meet the highest standards of Code compliance, including the value they add to public decisions and debate. This publication is available at https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/women-and-the-criminal-justice-system-2019/women-and-the-criminal-justice-system-2019. This section looks at offenders starting supervision as a result of a court order, including those starting supervision as a result of a community order or a suspended sentence order[footnote 68]. Other sources in this chapter include Criminal Courts Statistics and Legal Aid Statistics. These proportions have remained constant over the last 5 years. This chapter explores outcomes for defendants in the Criminal Justice System (CJS) predominantly drawing on data from the Criminal Justice Statistics quarterly: December 2019 publication. The relative proportion of male and female victims has remained consistent over the last five years[footnote 20]. In the most recent year, females had a higher average number of reoffences per reoffender (also known as the frequency rate) compared to males, at 4.33 and 3.99, respectively. Father-headed households 400,000 families were headed by lone fathers in 2012, representing 13.5% of all single-parent households in the UK according to the Office for National Statistics. Of the 62,800 offenders released from prison sentences in 2019, 91% were male and 9% female. The proportion of adults who experienced violent crime generally decreased with increasing age. This is reflected in the higher proportion of females remanded in custody who were sentenced to immediate custody at magistrates court, 17% in 2019 compared to 13% for males. News stories, speeches, letters and notices, Reports, analysis and official statistics, Data, Freedom of Information releases and corporate reports. As at 30 June 2019, there were 9,100 prisoners held on remand (unsentenced), 6% of the prison population held on remand were female and this proportion was stable over the last 5 years. This is particularly true in relation to the most serious offence types and sentences, though patterns by sex vary between individual offences. Data is not available for Community Rehabilitation Companies. There are also sections covering statistics on out of court disposals which come from the Criminal Justice Statistics Quarterly: December 2019, published by the Ministry of Justice, and experimental pilot data from national Liaison and Diversion services, as supplied by NHS England. , For both indictable and summary offences. They have been excluded from all analyses in this chapter. , 2% of adults identified as intersex or did not disclose this information. You have rejected additional cookies. Perceptions of the Criminal Justice System. Monthly statistics on the population in custody of children and young people within secure children's homes (SCHs), secure training centres (STCs) and young offender institutions (YOIs).. Figure 7.03: Average Custodial Sentence Lengths (ACSL) for indictable offences by sex and ethnic group, England and Wales, 2019. In 2018/19, 12,300[footnote 30] young people engaged with liaison and diversion services, of which 19% were female. , Indictable offences are more serious offences that may (if triable-either-way) or must (if indictable only) be passed on to the Crown Court; while summary offences are typically less serious and almost always dealt with entirely in magistrates courts. Mental health needs were higher for young females, the majority of which were for emotional and behavioural issues, affecting 31% of females and 18% of males. It has not been possible to accurately replicate the existing methodology and produce robust estimates in time for this release following changes to the way that data are recorded. My wife has confessed that when she first learned I was a single dad she automatically presumed that mum had died! The proportion of ineffective and cracked trials was higher for females (20% and 37%) than males (16% and 33%) in 2019. Figure 9.01: Proportion of practitioners in organisations involved in the CJS of each sex, by organisation, most recent year available vs. five years prior.
child custody statistics by gender uk